Effector responses induced by polarized CD4+ T helper 2 (Th2) cells drive nonhealing responses in BALB/c mice infected with Leishmania major.Th2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-13 are known susceptibility factors for L.major infection in BALB/c mice and induce their biological functions through a common receptor, the IL-4 receptor alpha chain (IL-4Ralpha).IL

Fuel cell electric vehicles offer a short fuel charging time and high mileage, but require precise thermal management technology to ensure the durability and efficiency of the stack.Accordingly, the size and weight of the heat exchanger increase to ensure the performance of the heat Hairclips exchanger.For this reason, a louver fin type heat exchan

In recent years, the navigation of mobile robots has been of great interest.One of the important challenges in the navigation of mobile robots is the obstacle avoidance problem so that the robots do not collide with each other and obstacles, during their movement.Hence, for good navigation, a reliable obstacle avoidance methodology is needed.On the

Benjamin Cups and Saucers D Lindquist,1 Kathryn W Koval,2 Peter C Acker,1 Corey B Bills,1,3 Ayesha Khan,1 Sybil Zachariah,1 Jennifer A Newberry,1 GV Ramana Rao,4 Swaminatha V Mahadevan,1 Matthew C Strehlow1 1Department of Emergency Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; 2Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical

Strangles is one of the most prevalent horse diseases globally.The infected horses may be asymptomatic and can still carry the infectious pathogen after it recovers, which are named asymptomatic infected horses and long-term subclinical carriers, respectively.Based on these horses, this paper establishes a dynamical model to screen, measure, and mo